Urban foxes in Canberra

One of the themes of this blog has been urban fox sightings.

It’s not just me – today’s ABC Rural has a nice piece on the growing numbers of urban foxes in Canberra …

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Burnes Bogatyr and the Pacific

I’ve previously written about Alexander Burnes and his Scottish connections. Burnes was of course a participant in the ‘Great Game’, the jousting for power in Asia between Britain, through its Indian Empire, and Russia with it’s expansion East.

There is a tendency to focus on central Asia as a theatre for the Game, perhaps because of Kipling’s novels and perhaps because of the crucial importance of India to the British Empire – without India the Empire was unsustainable – look how quickly it dissolved after 1947.

However the Great Game was much more of a global phenomenon – for example, during the Crimean War, British and French ships attacked Petropavlovsk Kamchatsky in the far east of Siberia, later, during the US civil war, the Russian navy maintained a squadron in San Francisco, in part to protect shipping from confederate commerce raiders.

When the Russian warship Bogatyr visited Melbourne in 1863 it was partly a spying mission in case there was a need to intervene, given Britain’s tendencytolooktheotherway as a far as confederate commerce raiders went.

The interesting thing is that the Bogatyr went on to New Caledonia afterwards – the northern Pacific was of value to Russia, if only because of the whaling trade. In fact Russia’s engagement with the Pacific is a forgotten story with the one time establishment of a fort on Hawaii. We also tend to forget that in the nineteenth century Russia posessed a significant navy that was seen by both Britain and France as a credible threat.

At the same time Britain, the US and to a lesser extent Russia were jockeying for position in the pacific northwest of America (leading to the oddity of a Roman Brick in Portland Oregon), not to mention various struggles for influence in post Meiji Japan between Britain, Russia and the US, involving such interesting characters as Thomas Blake Glover, just as we saw similar battles for influence between the West and the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

And of course Manchuria and Korea were of great strategic significance to Russia, just as Siberia and Manchuria offered Japan access to significant natural resources …

 

 

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Alexander Burnes

In the course of reading about nineteenth century travellers in Central Asia, I came across Alexander Burnes.

His story is well known, and I won’t repeat it here but the thing that piqued my interest is that he originally came from Montrose in Scotland.

My family also come from Montrose, so I decided to check out his family tree to see if I recognised the name as any of my antecedents. I didn’t, so I’m probably not related, at least in a formal sort of way.

I’m saying formal, as according to William Dalrymple, Burnes is described in one of the Persian epics describing the Afghan War as the fornicator Burnes, which at first sight could just be routine invective except for an unexplained bequest in his will and some evidence in his correspondence.

So, let’s just say he seems to have taken after his uncle Rabbie as afar as the ladies were concerned.

However that’s not my point. The interesting thing is that looking at his family tree, the number of his relations that were also in India, and consequently how India must have offered unrivalled opportunity to a lad o’ pairts like Burnes, due to the need of people working for the East India company to have raw ability with languages to be able to engage with the local populace.

I’ve written before about how you see the most unusual conjunctions in the history of the British Empire, but this is something that had not previously occurred to me – the needs of commerce allowed men of ability to step outside the straitjacket of aristocratic preferment and succeed on their own merits.

Visting Sri Lanka, I was struck at the number of Scottish names – Cargill’s groceries and Mackay’s wholesalers to name but two – that were still attached to businesses – and that this must have had a significant impact on nineteenth century Scotland …

I’ll research and write more on this.

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Three things in Sri Lanka I didn’t write about

Travel is quite often not about the big in your face experiences but about those quiet discoveries.

  • Tomato sauce with Chilli

There’s nothing quite like the moment you discover that taste of a rich ketchup with a little bite of chilli – enough to sharpen, not enough to burn. Quietly addictive.

  • Franciscan sisters marmalade

I like a good marmalade preferring the dark traditional ones like Keiller’s (I used to be able to see the factory chimney from the window of my auntie’s apartment when it was Keiller’s of Dundee) or Frank Cooper to the lighter fruity ones. but I’d willingly make an exception for the fruity orangey one produced by the Franciscan Sisters. Truly a marmalade to enjoy at breakfast.

  • Elephant trucks

Ever wondered how they get elephants to poya festivals – all over Sri Lanka on poya days they have elephants in parades. These are local events without the exuberant lights and costumes seen at Esala Perahera in Kandy, but they do have elephants. And when we were in Habarana it was Poson Poya, which is very popular in the Ancient Cities area, and you would see these trucks with elephants riding in the back being taken to the various local ceremonial posessions. I defy anyone not to smile at the sight of an elephant in the back of a 1950’s Bedford truck …

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Sri Lanka posts as a single pdf

I originally planned to make an ebook out of my various Sri Lanka posts, in much the same way as I did with our Laos trip. However, half way through the process I realised that after editing, I only had around fourteen A4 pages of material, which seemed a bit thin. Certainly I’d feel like a cheat charging people to buy it from the Amazon store.

So, if you’ve enjoyed the posts and would like them as a single document, click to download. I’ve also added an epub version and a mobi version for the Kindle if you’d prefer them in an ebook format. For the technically minded, the original markdown documents were converted to odt with pandoc and assembled into a single Libre Office document which was cleaned and spell checked. The epub was generated using the write2epub plugin for  Libre Office and the mobi was generated using Calibre to convert the epub document.

Please note that the document is creative commons licensed with no derivative works, and no commercial reuse – if you’d like to reuse any of the material, click on the contacts tab at the top of this blog to find out how to get in contact with me.

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Sri Lanka part 3 – Rangala and beyond

From Kandy we went on to Rangala, a guest house in the tea growing hill country behind Kandy.

The minivan colecting us was late, stuck in traffic. When we phoned to see what was happening we were told that the van was not leaving until four o’clock, despite our previously having agreed two o’clock. We feared a rerun of Fawlty Towers, but need not have worried, the van was genuinely stuck in traffic, and while the road up was wet and slippy in the rain – at one point the driver touching his good luck wreath as the van slid and skidded round a corner, we got there, the fire was lit, and there was hot tea and ginger biscuits.

The rain even held off a little, which was heartening as we had planned to go walking during our stay.

The next morning the sky was almost clear with a stunning view down the valley back to Kandy with the sun glistening on rice paddies below.

The walk itself was a fairly simple one up through the tea estates and women picking tea, past informal Hindu shrines up to the top of the hill where there should have been a view, but there wasn’t as the weather began to close in again and we made a hurried descent.

The tea pickers are all descendants of Tamil workers imported by the British, and quite distinct from both the Tamils in the north who have been there for several hundred years and the surrounding Sinhala population who are all Buddhist (except for those that Christian missionaries got to.)

It’s quite noticeable when you’re in a Tamil area – the roadside shrines with images of Buddha are replaced with statues of Ganesh, and sometimes other members of the Hindu pantheon, and out in the fields you come across little informal shrines, this time with lignams not Buddhas.

Interestingly, in Christian areas, statues of the saints appear in roadside shrines, just the same as happens with Buddha or Ganesh – a collision of tradition and belief.

That afternoon it rained. However it did stop long enough to walk down the road to a handloom factory where people were weaving cotton cloth of incredible delicacy by hand in a non descript shed. The looms looked like the traditional tweed looms used in the Western Isles of Scotland and the factory was probably not that different from a pre industrial revolution workshop.

On the way back our guide gave us an impromptu botany lesson, identifying various spice plants growing wild at the roadside, including coffee bushes – a legacy of the British attempt to start a coffee industry. In fact if it wasn’t for coffee blight in the 1870’s, the hills would probably be covered in coffee trees, not tea bushes.

The next day we’d planned a longer walk up over the watershed to the next tea estate and down that estate to the main road and back.

The walk was quite leechy, and just before we got to the watershed and the boundary between the two estates the heavens opened, and we retreated back down the slope. The tea workers obviously also thought it too wet to work and were huddled under little shelters of plastic sheeting waiting to see if the rain would pass.

The original plan had been to go to a tea factory that afternoon. In fact it was so wet we didn’t and were rather glad when the guy who was going to take us phoned to apologise that he’d had a flat and was delayed while he had it repaired.

While we enjoyed our time, by this time the wet was getting to us and were rather glad to move on to Habarana.

Habarana and the ancient cities …

Habarana is nothing special, a road junction, a railway station and a town, but it is in the middle of a roughly triangular area that includes Sigiriya, Polunaruwa, Dambulla and Anandrhapura, the prime historical sites of Sri Lanka.

We didn’t make it to Anandrhapura and only drove past Dambulla, but we did visit both Polunaruwa and climb Sigiriya.

Polunaruwa is a vast ruin of a city bounded by an artificial lake to one side, littered with magnificent ruined buildings and sculptures. As always when visiting ruins significant on someone else’s culture you do tend to lack context and it does tend to retreat into hot dry incomprehensuble spectacle, which I’m afraid Polunaruwa did for us.

That said it is well worth a visit for the sculpture alone, but it’s also a good idea to take a decent guidebook and read up on things first. There are guides available but they don’t relly tell you much, and if you are interested in the culture you are probably better going on your own with a guide book. Take plenty of water and if you have hired a van to get there ask your driver to take you to the reclining Buddha and to the other sites at the far end of the lake.

After Habarana we visited Sigiriyaa quite remarkable 200m high rock in the middle of Sri Lanka with substantial arachaeological remains on top of it, we hired a guide at the suggestion of our driver. The guide turned out to be fairly useless and intent on telling us about how many concubines the king had and how the monks didn’t like pictures of naked ladies, rather than the history of the place.

To climb the rock you have to clime a set of steep steps and narrow iron staircases, which is moderately challenging, and at the top you get a magnificent view. Other than the frescoes and the view there’s not a lot that is visually appealing but it’s something that everyone should do once.

The day we climbed Sigiriya it was the Saturday of Poson Poya weekend, the full moon festival that marks the arrival of Bhuddism in Sri Lanka and one that’s especially popular with the people in the area around Habarana, which meant that Sigiriya was busy with local tourists cimbing the rock and consequently rather crowded, if you are at all claustrophobic or worried about heights you might want to visit on a non poya day.

And then suddenly it was our last non-travel day in Sri Lanka.

And we decided to chill. It was warm, sunny, and the hotel we were staying at was part of the same chain that had a resort at Trincomalee so we negotiated for a free pass to use the private beach, hired a car and headed to the beach for a day – Chaaya Blue (hotel) in Uppeveli is the place to be in this season as it’s not monsoon there – hot, dry, laid back, interesting -it also has a crab restaurant called, surprisingly ‘Crab’, and the crab cakes are good. Wonderful to swim in the sea again – the first time since Mirissa. We saw some reminders of the war in Trinco itself – a burned out tank, and the presence of military checkpoints everywhere.

Trinco itself was shut for poya, but did go to Fort Frederic, which is a massive military fort still partly used by the Sri Lankan army where photography is restricted, but you can visit on the pretext of visiting the Hindu temple on the point.

Interestingly the fort also conatins it’s own herd of deer, which are looked after by the soldiees. Trinco has a history as British naval base, and while there are no obvious remains of the British presence we did learn afterwards that Charles Austen, Jane Austen’s brother, and Percy Molesworth the astronomer and one time British military surveyor are buried in Trinco.

The next day it was back to Colombo wher it was, predictably, wet. The best thing was the Galle Face Hotel where we stayed – an old edifice dating from 1864 and facing the Indian ocean, where you can see a lovely sunset if there is one. We saw a storm coming in instead.

We lucked out and had an upgrade to one of the ocean rooms as the hotel was in the midst of being renovated.

The towers all round the hotel are manned with soldiers with very large machine guns trained out to sea – quite disquieting when you are swimming in the pool to look up and see groups of armed soldiers on te rooftop of the neighbouring tower block – they probably don’t want a repeat of the Mumbai attack of 2009.

Armed soldiers are everywhere in Colombo, and the old parliament building, which looks like a smaller tawny version of the State Parliament building in Melbourne is surrounded by a security fence. In fact a whole lot of the old government area is out of bounds behind security cordons.

One thing we did do in Colombo is visit the Dutch House museum, the old Dutch governor’s residence in the Fort. The museum is down a side street and it’s probably best to get a tuk tuk to take you, and has a slightly lost and desolate air.

What it does give you however is a sense of just how extensive the Dutch East India Company’s involvement with Sri Lanka was, down to the cases full of duits picked up in the fort.

After that it was home via Singapore – a long drive in traffic out to the airport, endless security checks and the joy of a 1 am flight to Singapore.

Singapore

While we were in Habarana we’d had a reasonable choice of English language channels on TV, and in among adverts for the Lovely Professional University in Punjab (Google it, it really exists) and Windows phones from Nokia (India is one of teh last Nokia holdouts) we’d had the opportunity to see some news and had discovered that Singapore was blanketed in smog – the Haze – caused by burning forests to clear land for palm oil plantations in Indonesia.

When we landed the air was reasonably clear, and on the way to the hotel the cabbie told us it had rained really heavily the night before and cleared the air so that it was now back to the high end of normal.

After an overnight flight we crashed for a couple of hours, went shopping, had an incredibly overpriced drink in Raffles hotel on the balcony overlooking the street and meal in a japanese restaurant and crashed again.

The next morning the air was still clear so we set out on the MRT to visit the Singapore zoo to see the big cats. What we failed to realise was that (a) we’d turned up on the fortieth anniversary of the zoo’s foundation and (b) it was school holidays so everyone was taking their kids to the zoo as the air was clear.which wasn’t such a good idea because it was the zoo’s 40th birthday and school holidays and every Singaporean child was being taken to see giraffes, giant mole-rats and kangaroos, so we stood in a hot queue for an hour. The Sumatran tigers we remembered from last time were all gone, replaced by a grumpy white one.

A singapore sling in Raffles Hotel is a tourist cliché, and a bit of fun. People get their pictures taken there by the waiters. A satay at Lau Pa Sat food hall was more a genuine Singaporean experience, though these days it’s surrounded by skyscrapers, and then it was back to a chilly Canberra winter …

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Sri Lanka part 2 – Leopards, rain and Kandy ..

Yala

After Mirissa, it was on to Yala, in the far south east of the island. Yala is pretty much nothing, an epanse of scrubby forest, but it is a massive nature reserve, and the last place you can see, or hope to see leopards, in Sri Lanka.

And seeing leopards was what we were about.

Basically you have to book onto a trip on a jeep with a driver and a guide.Getting a jeep (actually a Tata pickup with at least one bald tyre) and a driver and a guide to ourselves was ony a few dollars morethan going with a larger party.

You then set off bouncing around the reserve along dirt tracks. Obviously, they don’t let you walk round the reserve on your own or get out of the jeep.

Our guide turned out to be really knowledgeable and had previously worked on a loris conservation project on the Horton Plains, and was an accomplished wildlife photographer, which meant we saw everything, including a leopard, twice. Our driver was pretty damn good as well, both at spotting animals, backing up and creeping his freewheeling vehicle along to give us a better view.

Once, a female crossing a track ahead and the second time a big male who looked rather pissed off with the whole business. You could imagine it thinking ‘just get out of the jeep and you’re dinner’.

That was day one. We’d signed up for two days wildlife spotting, and our sightings turned out to be beginners luck. Day two, we saw things, but no leopards. (Actually not strictly true, our guide spotted one asleep in a tree and got a good long distance shot of him, but with even with field glasses he was pretty indistinct)

Day two was however enlivened by the surprise appearance of a snake.

We were having lunch in our hotel before going out on one of the jeep trips. Leopards, being cats, are pretty crepuscular, and basically like to doze through the hotter part of the day, only being active in the morning or the evening, meaning there’s not that much doing around lunchtime.

Our hotel was a fairly standard tourist hotel, although they did warn you about crocodiles hauling out of the estuary next to the swimming pool. They said they’d never had one in the pool, but let’s just say never is a long time. There were certainly some pretty impressive crocs in the estuary.

The hotel consisted of a group of cabins round a central complex with pool, bar, restaurant etc. At night they advised you not to go walking on your own due to wild elephants and suggested you ask for a guide to walk you to your cabin. Should you go on your own they suggested that you take a torch, to throw at the elephant, with the aim of distracting it long enough for you to make your escape.

Being on the edge of the Yala national park it was fairly wild.

So, back to the story. We were sitting in the bar having lime sodas and something to eat when this beautiful thin iridescent blue snake appeared out of some vegetation and slid across the floor of the bar.

This, not unnaturally caused a degree of disturbance, the snake took fright, and climbed up inside wickerwork of a cane table, where it refused to come out, though it did occasionally poke its head out.

The bar staff, who you would think would be pretty blase about such happenings were as excited and fascinated as anyone by this and all came one by one to look at it.

The consensus was that the snake was not harmful, and they gingerly moved the table out of the bar area and left the snake to make its escape in its own time.

Nuwara Eliya, trains, and Fawlty Towers

From Yala, we went on to Nuwara Eliya, an old British hill station in the mountains. We could have gone direct but instead we hired a minivan to take us to Ella, where, if we could get seats in the observation car, we would get the train to Nuwara Eliya (actually Nanu Oya, Nuwara Eliya is nine or ten kilometres away on the other side of the valley.

The drive to Ella was interesting and scenic, and we got there so early the previous train, a nice modern blue Chinese made one, was going through. This occupied the whole station staff, including the station master who had a slightly comic opera white uniform like a nineteenth century naval officer, so we had to wait outside while they dealt with the train and the half dozen passengers.

We waited in the yard while all this took place, but eventually they opened the ticket office, which looked like it hadn’t been updated since the British left, although it did have an elderly Dell computer in the corner.

Booking tickets involved a long drawn out conversation

me: Two first class observation car tickets for Nanu Oya please
    Clerk: two?
Me: Yes

Station master shuffles off to computer, logs in to what looks to be an online booking system and fiddles about for some minutes, and then comes back.

Clerk: Colombo ?
    me: no, Nanu Oya
Clerk: Today ?
    Me: yes, next train, please

Shuffles off, more buggering about and eventually he returns

Clerk: OK, you can go
    me:how much?
Clerk: Rs2000/-

At this stage you would think that was the end of it, but no, he wanders off again and communes again with Sri Lankan Railways intranet. However at the end of it an elderly dot matrix printer burbles into life and he returns with a train ticket – or more accurately a printout – Sri Lankan railways evidently don’t use pasteboard tickets, but instead something that looks very much like an e-ticket.

The whole transaction takes about ten minutes. The moral being that if you want to do this, book your ticket at a quiet time the day before.

Ella station itself looked like a nineteen fifties English country station, or perhaps more accurately like a tv representation of such a station. Certainly it was out of the same playbook, quiet, sleepy and very pleasant. Even though we were up in the hills it was warm and sunny like a spring day at home.

Along with other people we waited, and talked to a tea planter who liked trains and had come to see the train. He gently corrected me when I called the 5’6″ gauge ‘Indian Gauge’ – here it was most definitely Sri Lankan Gauge.

We heard the train long before it arrived as it hooted up the curves. It consisted of an elderly disel locomotive, some older passenger cars, and the fabled observation car.

This turned out to look like something the British had left behind. It possibly wasn’t, but it looked it. Varnished wood panelling to be sure but the seats were tatty and inexpertly patched, the observation windows at the rear were cracked and had crazing from stone chips and some of the other windows were held together by sticky tape and optimism. Some didn’t open, some were jammed permanently open.

Ours opened, but the horizontal frame was rotten, and parted company with one of the verticals when we opened it.

Still, we were rolling, and the view was superb over tea plantations and people picking tea. The stations we rolled through in the main looked like old English country stations, even down to the lavatories – quaintly still labelled ‘For Gentlemen’. All in all pleasantly bucolic.

And then we went over the watershed, and the day changed. A cold wind began to blow and it began to rain, first as light showers and then more and more. It began to feel cold and the landscape (and the railway line) started to look like an overdone version of the West Highland line in Scotland.

At Ambewela the train stopped. First to let the up train past, which consisted of older passenger cars and then for another forty minutes while it awaited a second up train – this time one of the nice new Chinese ones.

I managed to hold the window together so we could close it. Fortunately we’d packed jumpers in our grab bag and had chosen to wear long pants rather than shorts so we were somewhat warm – the railway people were wearing woolly hats and padded anoraks, and it was distinctly chilly.

Eventually we started rolling again, and rattled into Nanu Oya an hour late. By this time it was raining steadily.

We’d planned to get the train onwards on the Sunday to Kandy. Probably if I’d had my wits about me I should have tried to book this at Ella. Here the booking clerk pointedly ignored me and counted his takings. Eventually he relented and asked me what I wanted.

He told me to go to the other window and asked me again what I wanted.

two first class to Kandy on Sunday

after a bit of to and fro to confirm that I really wanted the morning train on Sunday he consulted his computer.

Clerk: All full
    me: second class ?
Clerk: only one

At this point J had found a minvan to take us to our hotel and the driver came to help. Fortunately he had better English than the booking clerk, and definitely speeded up the process.

After a short exchange in Sinhala, the conclusion was that I should buy two third class seats to get onto the upgrade waitlist – at Rs800/- it was cheap enough to give to some other traveller or even throw away if there was no upgrade available.

When we got to the minivan the driver gave me his card and offered to drive us to Kandy for Rs8000/- on Sunday if we couldn’t get first class tickets. By the time we’d got to Nuwara Eliya we’d decided to take him up on his offer given it would cost us at least what we’d spent on the third class reservations to get a van back to the train station, not to mention the hassle of having to get people to phone and sort out if upgrades were available.

The moral of the story is to book your trains in advance, which given the lack of an online booking service, can be a big ask. That, and always have a plan B.

Nuwara Eliya

Nuwara Eliya means City of light – well it was misnamed it should have been called City of Rain – the wind howled and the rain descended in Biblical volumes during our stay.

This would not have mattered if it wasn’t for the fact we were staying at Fawlty Towers. It was supposed to be a boutique hotel in an old colonial bungalow with roaring woodfires an the like.

Certainly the location looked very English – Nuwara Eliya claims to be a colonial hill station, and while it was that once, now, in reality it’s a slightly scruffy Sri Lankan town with concrete shops and a few colonial relics.

That said, the area of the town where the bungalow was located did look a bit like a half remembered dream of home counties england.

When we got there, there was no one home, except for one houseboy who had no idea we were coming and who had never seen a booking docket. He also couldn’t speak English, other than a few words, which didn’t help. After our driver explained the way of the world to him, he grudgingly let us in.

It was cold, damp, no roaring wood fires to be seen, the only heating a distinctly arthritic fan heater and there was no hot water.

Eventually the rest of the staff returned from the supermarket, including the manager, who managed to get the hot water going again.

He apologised for the lack of fires, saying he had tried to buy wood but it was all wet. I bit my tongue and resisted saying something sarcastic about woodsheds and getting supplies laid in in the dry season.

That night we ate in the hotel. Dinner, while good was a chilly experience, but the staff did give us hot water bottles, with slightly incongorous Peter Rabbit covers.

The next day was no better, but we caught a tuk tuk down into the town to walk about, take photographs of colonial heritage, and generally explore.

It was too wet and horrible for that. We did visit the park, but were forced to retreat under the bandstand with stray dogs and canoodling teenagers (the park did have a stern warning that visitors were to ‘behave decently‘) from the rain.

Another time, another day it might have been good, but we had a damp and cold experience and after lunch in a bakery retreated to the hotel to read and write.

Everything, including the towels was damp due to the rain and cold, so we asked for new towels which resulted in the following dialog:

J:  I don’t mind if you don't clean the room, but could we have some fresh towels?
H: There are no towels.
J: But we are the only guests, you must have some more.
H: Towels are all wet madam
J: Aren't there any dry ones at all?- that means you only have 3 towels.
H: No madam, towels are all wet.

As if to prove a point the guy came back with a neatly folded pile of sodden towels.

That evening we thought we’d treat ourselves and eat at the Grand Hotel, one of the big old colonial hotels. The Grand had started life as the British Governor’s summer residence in the middle of the nineteenth century, but at some point the Governor acquired a new summer residence, which is still occasionally used by the president of Sri Lanka, and the Grand Hotel was born

It really was an immense old colonial relic, with waiters everywhere – going to the toilet was an experience where the attendant turned the tap on for you when you washed your hands, handed you soap and a towel, and turned the tap off.

(Shades of the time a few years ago we went to the best hotel in Tiznit in Morocco. principly because they served wine with dinner, and the toilet attendant insisted on flushing the toilet for you and then expected a tip – at least in Sri Lanka they didn’t want a tip – or flush the toilet.)

We felt a little underdressed even in our ‘smart’ clothes, but actually we shouldn’t have worried – the hotel was full of guests from the gulf states, most of whom were dressed in an approximation of ‘western casual, some more successfully than others, plus the occasional shiny middle eastern suit.

However, we didn’t eat at the Grand – they provided a fairly boring western style menu (Oxtail soup, roast beef with vegetables, etc) that they’d probably been serving since 1920. Instead, after a couple of shockingly expensive whiskies (Rs2000/- for two J&B’s) we went to the Grand Indian an Indian restaurant run by the hotel.

Inside it could have been in Wigan. Actually it couldn’t, due to the presence of jolly Arab families, the women still in burkahs, but all sitting together, talking, taking pictures of each other, but in style it could be an Indian restaurant in England, even down to the food.

Actually, the food was better than that, all freshly prepared and cooked to order.

After that it was back to the hotel and then onto Kandy the next day.

Kandy

The drive down to Kandy was interesting – past roadside stalls selling cool climate vegetables and flower sellers (Nuwara Eliya is famed for its flowers and european vegetables – being comparatively cool and wet the grow well there) with spectacular rain soaked views of waterfalls and valleys.

It never really stopped raining all the way down, and was still wet in Kandy. We stayed the the Queen’s Hotel, a charming old colonial relic directly opposite the Temple of the Tooth and on the lake.

The Queen’s has a magnificent period diing room with exposed steel beams and big old fans just like you see in pictures of the British Raj in India, and big echoing corridors. Definitely charming, even if the hot water is sometimes a bit erratic.

That afternoon it finally stopped raining and we went for a walk to stretch our legs. We first of all waled up to St Paul’s church, the old anglican church, built in colonial times provocatively close to the Temple of the Tooth.

The church was tatty in a very Anglican way, but did have some very good Victorian stained glass.

The verger very proudly invited us in and told us that they still got over 200 people to the main service on a Sunday.

Looking at the list of Vicars, it was interesting to see how the names changed – up to and just after independence they were very English names, and then, through the sixties and the seventies they became solidly Sri Lankan.

Rather than visit the Temple of the Tooth, which was crowded with pilgrims attending puja we contented ourselves with looking through the bars of the compound at the ceremony.

We then walked on to visit the old British Garrison cemetery and discovered round the back of the compound there was a pilgrims entrance with flower sellers and the like and we lucked out by arriving just as the dancers came out of their dressing room and waled over and into the compound.

We then walked up the hill to the old Garrison cemetery, now looked after by a local historical association. Inside the cemetery there were several soldiers letting off strings of firecrackers in an effort to scare off the resident langurs.

The monkeys totally ignored the fire crackers and got on with being aggressive squawking monkeys. To be fair, they were aggressive to each other, not to us.

The caretaker was a nice old man who told us all about the graves and the restoration project, including the fact that the first person who was buried there had fought at Waterloo. (Actually, it’s not as insane as it sounds – Waterloo was fought in 1815, and the British took over the Kingdom of Kandy, the last remaining independent kingdom in 1814. Lachlan Macquarie, later governor of New South Wales, served there with the 73rd Perthshire regiment which had a globe trotting career. In fact one of the things that is quite fascinating about the history of the British Empire is the way that people popped up in quite unexpected places.)

The heavens then opened again. We’d intended to go and see the Kandyan dancers that evening but it was just too bloody wet. Instead we ate a very odd Chinese meal in the hotel Chinese restaurant.

The next day the sun came out and we visited the temple of the tooth, which is quite magnificent, but, not being practicing Buddhists, totally incomprehensible.

However we paid our respects to the monks and left an offering as requested.

After lunch – in the Olde Empire – a very traditional Sri Lankan curry house across the square from the hotel – we were then off to our next destination.

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Not just Pemberley, but Jupiter

I’ve previously written about how Charles Austen, Jane Austen’s brother was buried at Trincomalee. Given that we half intend to go back for a second journey next year, I thought I’d research the grave location – a suitably morbid thing to do on a lunchtime.

The problem is that there are two Christian cemeteries, one at Dockyard Road (now renamed Kachcheri Road) and one at RC Cemetery Road. Neither are by the sea despite their names. The one in RC Cemetery Road may of course be the Catholic cemetery and the other for Anglicans and other interlopers.

The real trouble is that the sources are confused and some say that Charles Austen was buried in the old general Cemetery near St Stephens Church. Wikipedia refers to his place of burial as the Esplanade cemetery, as does the UK National Maritime museum. Google maps suggests the burial ground on RC Cemetery Road as the Esplanade cemetery and the Dockyard Road burial ground as St Stephen’s

Basically, I either need to go and look, or alternatively hunt through some old colonial period maps of Trinco, or some combination of the two to resolve this.

In the middle of trying to sort this out I discovered by pure happenstance that Percy Molesworth, a founding memeber f the British Astronomical Association and the discoverer of a massive storm in Jupiter’s Southern Hemisphere lived and worked in Trinco and is again buried in the General Cemetery.

Molesworth’s observatory is long gone, and his telescope was moved the the University of Colombo after his death in 1908.

And this of course is the thing, this history is part of the history of colonial times and consequently neglected by both Sri Lanka and Britain, but both burials tell a story not only of the spread ad influence of Britain in the nineteenth century, but also how as a result of improving communications links an astronomer in Trincomalee could participate in research half a world away

Written with StackEdit.

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From Pemberley to Trincomalee …

It is truth universally acknowledged that the past can sometimes produce seemingly bizarre connections.

One is that Jane Austen’s brother Charles, who had a long and distinguished naval career, died in Burma during the second Burmese war and is buried at the esplanade cemetery in Trincomalee.

If we’d known, we’d most certainly have visited.

What it does show is the impact of the rise of the British Empire on the mid nineteenth century British middle class, when it became comparatively normal to have relations who lived overseas.

One sees the same thing in Beth Ellis, who went to visit her relations in Burma for Christmas, and that Burn Murdoch again meets family in India.

Somewhere in this is a story as how horizons narrowed during the nineteen sixties and seventies and that this has resulted in a narrower view of the world …

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Beth Ellis …

Last year I blogged about Beth Ellis’s An English Girl’s First Impressions of Burmah.

At the time I had two mysteries, who exactly was Beth Ellis, and why did Beth refer to Maymyo as Remyo?

Well last night I got an answer to both questions as a comment on my original post – and what an answer it was:

Beth Ellis was my great-aunt and I have copies of all her books (7 novels, plus her Burmah book). Sadly she died in childbirth at the age of only 38, otherwise there might have been many more novels. She was also very keen on education, as might be expected of one of Oxford’s early women students, and played an important role in helping to improve the schools in her home town of Wigan before her marriage in 1908, after which she move to Berkhamstead in Hertfordshire, where she would die less than five years later. It is interesting to note that she was at Oxford at the same time as her brother, although he took four years to get a Third class degree in Law while she took only three years to get First class honours in English – but no degree, of course, because she was woman!

Like you, I have been puzzled about the Maymyo – Remyo conflict and have finally found some documentary evidence that your guess was correct. In 1904 a French gentleman called Count Etienne Lunet de Lajonquière made a two-month visit to Siam and, for a few days, Burma. On his return he wrote a book called “Le Siam et les Siamois” which was published in 1906. In his entry for November 11th 1904, while he was in Rangoon, he writes “Depuis quelque temps, le Lieutenant- Gouverneur a transporté sa résidence habituelle à Remyo, une station estivale de la haute région, où il installera peu à peu toutes les grandes administrations, concentrées jusqu’ici à Rangoon: les fonctionnaires y trouveront une température plus agréable; quant aux commerçants attachés à leurs bureaux, ils y gagneront l’aisance des coudes ; il y a donc profit pour tous.” Loosely translated this says that “For some time, the Lieutenant Governor has transported his main residence to Remyo, a summer station in the high region, where he has installed little by little all the main administratve offices, which were previously concentrated in Rangoon; the civil servants will find a more pleasant temperature there; while the staff attached to their offices will have more space; there is thus a benefit for everyone.”

So it is clear that when Beth visited Burma the embryonic summer administrative capital was still called Remyo as you, and I, had guessed might have been the case.

And I do agree with you that her first book is a wonderful book with an entrancingly witty view of life in the Raj.

It doesn’t get better than that!

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