Three things in Sri Lanka I didn’t write about

Travel is quite often not about the big in your face experiences but about those quiet discoveries.

  • Tomato sauce with Chilli

There’s nothing quite like the moment you discover that taste of a rich ketchup with a little bite of chilli – enough to sharpen, not enough to burn. Quietly addictive.

  • Franciscan sisters marmalade

I like a good marmalade preferring the dark traditional ones like Keiller’s (I used to be able to see the factory chimney from the window of my auntie’s apartment when it was Keiller’s of Dundee) or Frank Cooper to the lighter fruity ones. but I’d willingly make an exception for the fruity orangey one produced by the Franciscan Sisters. Truly a marmalade to enjoy at breakfast.

  • Elephant trucks

Ever wondered how they get elephants to poya festivals – all over Sri Lanka on poya days they have elephants in parades. These are local events without the exuberant lights and costumes seen at Esala Perahera in Kandy, but they do have elephants. And when we were in Habarana it was Poson Poya, which is very popular in the Ancient Cities area, and you would see these trucks with elephants riding in the back being taken to the various local ceremonial posessions. I defy anyone not to smile at the sight of an elephant in the back of a 1950’s Bedford truck …

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Sri Lanka posts as a single pdf

I originally planned to make an ebook out of my various Sri Lanka posts, in much the same way as I did with our Laos trip. However, half way through the process I realised that after editing, I only had around fourteen A4 pages of material, which seemed a bit thin. Certainly I’d feel like a cheat charging people to buy it from the Amazon store.

So, if you’ve enjoyed the posts and would like them as a single document, click to download. I’ve also added an epub version and a mobi version for the Kindle if you’d prefer them in an ebook format. For the technically minded, the original markdown documents were converted to odt with pandoc and assembled into a single Libre Office document which was cleaned and spell checked. The epub was generated using the write2epub plugin for  Libre Office and the mobi was generated using Calibre to convert the epub document.

Please note that the document is creative commons licensed with no derivative works, and no commercial reuse – if you’d like to reuse any of the material, click on the contacts tab at the top of this blog to find out how to get in contact with me.

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Sri Lanka part 3 – Rangala and beyond

From Kandy we went on to Rangala, a guest house in the tea growing hill country behind Kandy.

The minivan colecting us was late, stuck in traffic. When we phoned to see what was happening we were told that the van was not leaving until four o’clock, despite our previously having agreed two o’clock. We feared a rerun of Fawlty Towers, but need not have worried, the van was genuinely stuck in traffic, and while the road up was wet and slippy in the rain – at one point the driver touching his good luck wreath as the van slid and skidded round a corner, we got there, the fire was lit, and there was hot tea and ginger biscuits.

The rain even held off a little, which was heartening as we had planned to go walking during our stay.

The next morning the sky was almost clear with a stunning view down the valley back to Kandy with the sun glistening on rice paddies below.

The walk itself was a fairly simple one up through the tea estates and women picking tea, past informal Hindu shrines up to the top of the hill where there should have been a view, but there wasn’t as the weather began to close in again and we made a hurried descent.

The tea pickers are all descendants of Tamil workers imported by the British, and quite distinct from both the Tamils in the north who have been there for several hundred years and the surrounding Sinhala population who are all Buddhist (except for those that Christian missionaries got to.)

It’s quite noticeable when you’re in a Tamil area – the roadside shrines with images of Buddha are replaced with statues of Ganesh, and sometimes other members of the Hindu pantheon, and out in the fields you come across little informal shrines, this time with lignams not Buddhas.

Interestingly, in Christian areas, statues of the saints appear in roadside shrines, just the same as happens with Buddha or Ganesh – a collision of tradition and belief.

That afternoon it rained. However it did stop long enough to walk down the road to a handloom factory where people were weaving cotton cloth of incredible delicacy by hand in a non descript shed. The looms looked like the traditional tweed looms used in the Western Isles of Scotland and the factory was probably not that different from a pre industrial revolution workshop.

On the way back our guide gave us an impromptu botany lesson, identifying various spice plants growing wild at the roadside, including coffee bushes – a legacy of the British attempt to start a coffee industry. In fact if it wasn’t for coffee blight in the 1870’s, the hills would probably be covered in coffee trees, not tea bushes.

The next day we’d planned a longer walk up over the watershed to the next tea estate and down that estate to the main road and back.

The walk was quite leechy, and just before we got to the watershed and the boundary between the two estates the heavens opened, and we retreated back down the slope. The tea workers obviously also thought it too wet to work and were huddled under little shelters of plastic sheeting waiting to see if the rain would pass.

The original plan had been to go to a tea factory that afternoon. In fact it was so wet we didn’t and were rather glad when the guy who was going to take us phoned to apologise that he’d had a flat and was delayed while he had it repaired.

While we enjoyed our time, by this time the wet was getting to us and were rather glad to move on to Habarana.

Habarana and the ancient cities …

Habarana is nothing special, a road junction, a railway station and a town, but it is in the middle of a roughly triangular area that includes Sigiriya, Polunaruwa, Dambulla and Anandrhapura, the prime historical sites of Sri Lanka.

We didn’t make it to Anandrhapura and only drove past Dambulla, but we did visit both Polunaruwa and climb Sigiriya.

Polunaruwa is a vast ruin of a city bounded by an artificial lake to one side, littered with magnificent ruined buildings and sculptures. As always when visiting ruins significant on someone else’s culture you do tend to lack context and it does tend to retreat into hot dry incomprehensuble spectacle, which I’m afraid Polunaruwa did for us.

That said it is well worth a visit for the sculpture alone, but it’s also a good idea to take a decent guidebook and read up on things first. There are guides available but they don’t relly tell you much, and if you are interested in the culture you are probably better going on your own with a guide book. Take plenty of water and if you have hired a van to get there ask your driver to take you to the reclining Buddha and to the other sites at the far end of the lake.

After Habarana we visited Sigiriyaa quite remarkable 200m high rock in the middle of Sri Lanka with substantial arachaeological remains on top of it, we hired a guide at the suggestion of our driver. The guide turned out to be fairly useless and intent on telling us about how many concubines the king had and how the monks didn’t like pictures of naked ladies, rather than the history of the place.

To climb the rock you have to clime a set of steep steps and narrow iron staircases, which is moderately challenging, and at the top you get a magnificent view. Other than the frescoes and the view there’s not a lot that is visually appealing but it’s something that everyone should do once.

The day we climbed Sigiriya it was the Saturday of Poson Poya weekend, the full moon festival that marks the arrival of Bhuddism in Sri Lanka and one that’s especially popular with the people in the area around Habarana, which meant that Sigiriya was busy with local tourists cimbing the rock and consequently rather crowded, if you are at all claustrophobic or worried about heights you might want to visit on a non poya day.

And then suddenly it was our last non-travel day in Sri Lanka.

And we decided to chill. It was warm, sunny, and the hotel we were staying at was part of the same chain that had a resort at Trincomalee so we negotiated for a free pass to use the private beach, hired a car and headed to the beach for a day – Chaaya Blue (hotel) in Uppeveli is the place to be in this season as it’s not monsoon there – hot, dry, laid back, interesting -it also has a crab restaurant called, surprisingly ‘Crab’, and the crab cakes are good. Wonderful to swim in the sea again – the first time since Mirissa. We saw some reminders of the war in Trinco itself – a burned out tank, and the presence of military checkpoints everywhere.

Trinco itself was shut for poya, but did go to Fort Frederic, which is a massive military fort still partly used by the Sri Lankan army where photography is restricted, but you can visit on the pretext of visiting the Hindu temple on the point.

Interestingly the fort also conatins it’s own herd of deer, which are looked after by the soldiees. Trinco has a history as British naval base, and while there are no obvious remains of the British presence we did learn afterwards that Charles Austen, Jane Austen’s brother, and Percy Molesworth the astronomer and one time British military surveyor are buried in Trinco.

The next day it was back to Colombo wher it was, predictably, wet. The best thing was the Galle Face Hotel where we stayed – an old edifice dating from 1864 and facing the Indian ocean, where you can see a lovely sunset if there is one. We saw a storm coming in instead.

We lucked out and had an upgrade to one of the ocean rooms as the hotel was in the midst of being renovated.

The towers all round the hotel are manned with soldiers with very large machine guns trained out to sea – quite disquieting when you are swimming in the pool to look up and see groups of armed soldiers on te rooftop of the neighbouring tower block – they probably don’t want a repeat of the Mumbai attack of 2009.

Armed soldiers are everywhere in Colombo, and the old parliament building, which looks like a smaller tawny version of the State Parliament building in Melbourne is surrounded by a security fence. In fact a whole lot of the old government area is out of bounds behind security cordons.

One thing we did do in Colombo is visit the Dutch House museum, the old Dutch governor’s residence in the Fort. The museum is down a side street and it’s probably best to get a tuk tuk to take you, and has a slightly lost and desolate air.

What it does give you however is a sense of just how extensive the Dutch East India Company’s involvement with Sri Lanka was, down to the cases full of duits picked up in the fort.

After that it was home via Singapore – a long drive in traffic out to the airport, endless security checks and the joy of a 1 am flight to Singapore.

Singapore

While we were in Habarana we’d had a reasonable choice of English language channels on TV, and in among adverts for the Lovely Professional University in Punjab (Google it, it really exists) and Windows phones from Nokia (India is one of teh last Nokia holdouts) we’d had the opportunity to see some news and had discovered that Singapore was blanketed in smog – the Haze – caused by burning forests to clear land for palm oil plantations in Indonesia.

When we landed the air was reasonably clear, and on the way to the hotel the cabbie told us it had rained really heavily the night before and cleared the air so that it was now back to the high end of normal.

After an overnight flight we crashed for a couple of hours, went shopping, had an incredibly overpriced drink in Raffles hotel on the balcony overlooking the street and meal in a japanese restaurant and crashed again.

The next morning the air was still clear so we set out on the MRT to visit the Singapore zoo to see the big cats. What we failed to realise was that (a) we’d turned up on the fortieth anniversary of the zoo’s foundation and (b) it was school holidays so everyone was taking their kids to the zoo as the air was clear.which wasn’t such a good idea because it was the zoo’s 40th birthday and school holidays and every Singaporean child was being taken to see giraffes, giant mole-rats and kangaroos, so we stood in a hot queue for an hour. The Sumatran tigers we remembered from last time were all gone, replaced by a grumpy white one.

A singapore sling in Raffles Hotel is a tourist cliché, and a bit of fun. People get their pictures taken there by the waiters. A satay at Lau Pa Sat food hall was more a genuine Singaporean experience, though these days it’s surrounded by skyscrapers, and then it was back to a chilly Canberra winter …

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Sri Lanka part 2 – Leopards, rain and Kandy ..

Yala

After Mirissa, it was on to Yala, in the far south east of the island. Yala is pretty much nothing, an epanse of scrubby forest, but it is a massive nature reserve, and the last place you can see, or hope to see leopards, in Sri Lanka.

And seeing leopards was what we were about.

Basically you have to book onto a trip on a jeep with a driver and a guide.Getting a jeep (actually a Tata pickup with at least one bald tyre) and a driver and a guide to ourselves was ony a few dollars morethan going with a larger party.

You then set off bouncing around the reserve along dirt tracks. Obviously, they don’t let you walk round the reserve on your own or get out of the jeep.

Our guide turned out to be really knowledgeable and had previously worked on a loris conservation project on the Horton Plains, and was an accomplished wildlife photographer, which meant we saw everything, including a leopard, twice. Our driver was pretty damn good as well, both at spotting animals, backing up and creeping his freewheeling vehicle along to give us a better view.

Once, a female crossing a track ahead and the second time a big male who looked rather pissed off with the whole business. You could imagine it thinking ‘just get out of the jeep and you’re dinner’.

That was day one. We’d signed up for two days wildlife spotting, and our sightings turned out to be beginners luck. Day two, we saw things, but no leopards. (Actually not strictly true, our guide spotted one asleep in a tree and got a good long distance shot of him, but with even with field glasses he was pretty indistinct)

Day two was however enlivened by the surprise appearance of a snake.

We were having lunch in our hotel before going out on one of the jeep trips. Leopards, being cats, are pretty crepuscular, and basically like to doze through the hotter part of the day, only being active in the morning or the evening, meaning there’s not that much doing around lunchtime.

Our hotel was a fairly standard tourist hotel, although they did warn you about crocodiles hauling out of the estuary next to the swimming pool. They said they’d never had one in the pool, but let’s just say never is a long time. There were certainly some pretty impressive crocs in the estuary.

The hotel consisted of a group of cabins round a central complex with pool, bar, restaurant etc. At night they advised you not to go walking on your own due to wild elephants and suggested you ask for a guide to walk you to your cabin. Should you go on your own they suggested that you take a torch, to throw at the elephant, with the aim of distracting it long enough for you to make your escape.

Being on the edge of the Yala national park it was fairly wild.

So, back to the story. We were sitting in the bar having lime sodas and something to eat when this beautiful thin iridescent blue snake appeared out of some vegetation and slid across the floor of the bar.

This, not unnaturally caused a degree of disturbance, the snake took fright, and climbed up inside wickerwork of a cane table, where it refused to come out, though it did occasionally poke its head out.

The bar staff, who you would think would be pretty blase about such happenings were as excited and fascinated as anyone by this and all came one by one to look at it.

The consensus was that the snake was not harmful, and they gingerly moved the table out of the bar area and left the snake to make its escape in its own time.

Nuwara Eliya, trains, and Fawlty Towers

From Yala, we went on to Nuwara Eliya, an old British hill station in the mountains. We could have gone direct but instead we hired a minivan to take us to Ella, where, if we could get seats in the observation car, we would get the train to Nuwara Eliya (actually Nanu Oya, Nuwara Eliya is nine or ten kilometres away on the other side of the valley.

The drive to Ella was interesting and scenic, and we got there so early the previous train, a nice modern blue Chinese made one, was going through. This occupied the whole station staff, including the station master who had a slightly comic opera white uniform like a nineteenth century naval officer, so we had to wait outside while they dealt with the train and the half dozen passengers.

We waited in the yard while all this took place, but eventually they opened the ticket office, which looked like it hadn’t been updated since the British left, although it did have an elderly Dell computer in the corner.

Booking tickets involved a long drawn out conversation

me: Two first class observation car tickets for Nanu Oya please
    Clerk: two?
Me: Yes

Station master shuffles off to computer, logs in to what looks to be an online booking system and fiddles about for some minutes, and then comes back.

Clerk: Colombo ?
    me: no, Nanu Oya
Clerk: Today ?
    Me: yes, next train, please

Shuffles off, more buggering about and eventually he returns

Clerk: OK, you can go
    me:how much?
Clerk: Rs2000/-

At this stage you would think that was the end of it, but no, he wanders off again and communes again with Sri Lankan Railways intranet. However at the end of it an elderly dot matrix printer burbles into life and he returns with a train ticket – or more accurately a printout – Sri Lankan railways evidently don’t use pasteboard tickets, but instead something that looks very much like an e-ticket.

The whole transaction takes about ten minutes. The moral being that if you want to do this, book your ticket at a quiet time the day before.

Ella station itself looked like a nineteen fifties English country station, or perhaps more accurately like a tv representation of such a station. Certainly it was out of the same playbook, quiet, sleepy and very pleasant. Even though we were up in the hills it was warm and sunny like a spring day at home.

Along with other people we waited, and talked to a tea planter who liked trains and had come to see the train. He gently corrected me when I called the 5’6″ gauge ‘Indian Gauge’ – here it was most definitely Sri Lankan Gauge.

We heard the train long before it arrived as it hooted up the curves. It consisted of an elderly disel locomotive, some older passenger cars, and the fabled observation car.

This turned out to look like something the British had left behind. It possibly wasn’t, but it looked it. Varnished wood panelling to be sure but the seats were tatty and inexpertly patched, the observation windows at the rear were cracked and had crazing from stone chips and some of the other windows were held together by sticky tape and optimism. Some didn’t open, some were jammed permanently open.

Ours opened, but the horizontal frame was rotten, and parted company with one of the verticals when we opened it.

Still, we were rolling, and the view was superb over tea plantations and people picking tea. The stations we rolled through in the main looked like old English country stations, even down to the lavatories – quaintly still labelled ‘For Gentlemen’. All in all pleasantly bucolic.

And then we went over the watershed, and the day changed. A cold wind began to blow and it began to rain, first as light showers and then more and more. It began to feel cold and the landscape (and the railway line) started to look like an overdone version of the West Highland line in Scotland.

At Ambewela the train stopped. First to let the up train past, which consisted of older passenger cars and then for another forty minutes while it awaited a second up train – this time one of the nice new Chinese ones.

I managed to hold the window together so we could close it. Fortunately we’d packed jumpers in our grab bag and had chosen to wear long pants rather than shorts so we were somewhat warm – the railway people were wearing woolly hats and padded anoraks, and it was distinctly chilly.

Eventually we started rolling again, and rattled into Nanu Oya an hour late. By this time it was raining steadily.

We’d planned to get the train onwards on the Sunday to Kandy. Probably if I’d had my wits about me I should have tried to book this at Ella. Here the booking clerk pointedly ignored me and counted his takings. Eventually he relented and asked me what I wanted.

He told me to go to the other window and asked me again what I wanted.

two first class to Kandy on Sunday

after a bit of to and fro to confirm that I really wanted the morning train on Sunday he consulted his computer.

Clerk: All full
    me: second class ?
Clerk: only one

At this point J had found a minvan to take us to our hotel and the driver came to help. Fortunately he had better English than the booking clerk, and definitely speeded up the process.

After a short exchange in Sinhala, the conclusion was that I should buy two third class seats to get onto the upgrade waitlist – at Rs800/- it was cheap enough to give to some other traveller or even throw away if there was no upgrade available.

When we got to the minivan the driver gave me his card and offered to drive us to Kandy for Rs8000/- on Sunday if we couldn’t get first class tickets. By the time we’d got to Nuwara Eliya we’d decided to take him up on his offer given it would cost us at least what we’d spent on the third class reservations to get a van back to the train station, not to mention the hassle of having to get people to phone and sort out if upgrades were available.

The moral of the story is to book your trains in advance, which given the lack of an online booking service, can be a big ask. That, and always have a plan B.

Nuwara Eliya

Nuwara Eliya means City of light – well it was misnamed it should have been called City of Rain – the wind howled and the rain descended in Biblical volumes during our stay.

This would not have mattered if it wasn’t for the fact we were staying at Fawlty Towers. It was supposed to be a boutique hotel in an old colonial bungalow with roaring woodfires an the like.

Certainly the location looked very English – Nuwara Eliya claims to be a colonial hill station, and while it was that once, now, in reality it’s a slightly scruffy Sri Lankan town with concrete shops and a few colonial relics.

That said, the area of the town where the bungalow was located did look a bit like a half remembered dream of home counties england.

When we got there, there was no one home, except for one houseboy who had no idea we were coming and who had never seen a booking docket. He also couldn’t speak English, other than a few words, which didn’t help. After our driver explained the way of the world to him, he grudgingly let us in.

It was cold, damp, no roaring wood fires to be seen, the only heating a distinctly arthritic fan heater and there was no hot water.

Eventually the rest of the staff returned from the supermarket, including the manager, who managed to get the hot water going again.

He apologised for the lack of fires, saying he had tried to buy wood but it was all wet. I bit my tongue and resisted saying something sarcastic about woodsheds and getting supplies laid in in the dry season.

That night we ate in the hotel. Dinner, while good was a chilly experience, but the staff did give us hot water bottles, with slightly incongorous Peter Rabbit covers.

The next day was no better, but we caught a tuk tuk down into the town to walk about, take photographs of colonial heritage, and generally explore.

It was too wet and horrible for that. We did visit the park, but were forced to retreat under the bandstand with stray dogs and canoodling teenagers (the park did have a stern warning that visitors were to ‘behave decently‘) from the rain.

Another time, another day it might have been good, but we had a damp and cold experience and after lunch in a bakery retreated to the hotel to read and write.

Everything, including the towels was damp due to the rain and cold, so we asked for new towels which resulted in the following dialog:

J:  I don’t mind if you don't clean the room, but could we have some fresh towels?
H: There are no towels.
J: But we are the only guests, you must have some more.
H: Towels are all wet madam
J: Aren't there any dry ones at all?- that means you only have 3 towels.
H: No madam, towels are all wet.

As if to prove a point the guy came back with a neatly folded pile of sodden towels.

That evening we thought we’d treat ourselves and eat at the Grand Hotel, one of the big old colonial hotels. The Grand had started life as the British Governor’s summer residence in the middle of the nineteenth century, but at some point the Governor acquired a new summer residence, which is still occasionally used by the president of Sri Lanka, and the Grand Hotel was born

It really was an immense old colonial relic, with waiters everywhere – going to the toilet was an experience where the attendant turned the tap on for you when you washed your hands, handed you soap and a towel, and turned the tap off.

(Shades of the time a few years ago we went to the best hotel in Tiznit in Morocco. principly because they served wine with dinner, and the toilet attendant insisted on flushing the toilet for you and then expected a tip – at least in Sri Lanka they didn’t want a tip – or flush the toilet.)

We felt a little underdressed even in our ‘smart’ clothes, but actually we shouldn’t have worried – the hotel was full of guests from the gulf states, most of whom were dressed in an approximation of ‘western casual, some more successfully than others, plus the occasional shiny middle eastern suit.

However, we didn’t eat at the Grand – they provided a fairly boring western style menu (Oxtail soup, roast beef with vegetables, etc) that they’d probably been serving since 1920. Instead, after a couple of shockingly expensive whiskies (Rs2000/- for two J&B’s) we went to the Grand Indian an Indian restaurant run by the hotel.

Inside it could have been in Wigan. Actually it couldn’t, due to the presence of jolly Arab families, the women still in burkahs, but all sitting together, talking, taking pictures of each other, but in style it could be an Indian restaurant in England, even down to the food.

Actually, the food was better than that, all freshly prepared and cooked to order.

After that it was back to the hotel and then onto Kandy the next day.

Kandy

The drive down to Kandy was interesting – past roadside stalls selling cool climate vegetables and flower sellers (Nuwara Eliya is famed for its flowers and european vegetables – being comparatively cool and wet the grow well there) with spectacular rain soaked views of waterfalls and valleys.

It never really stopped raining all the way down, and was still wet in Kandy. We stayed the the Queen’s Hotel, a charming old colonial relic directly opposite the Temple of the Tooth and on the lake.

The Queen’s has a magnificent period diing room with exposed steel beams and big old fans just like you see in pictures of the British Raj in India, and big echoing corridors. Definitely charming, even if the hot water is sometimes a bit erratic.

That afternoon it finally stopped raining and we went for a walk to stretch our legs. We first of all waled up to St Paul’s church, the old anglican church, built in colonial times provocatively close to the Temple of the Tooth.

The church was tatty in a very Anglican way, but did have some very good Victorian stained glass.

The verger very proudly invited us in and told us that they still got over 200 people to the main service on a Sunday.

Looking at the list of Vicars, it was interesting to see how the names changed – up to and just after independence they were very English names, and then, through the sixties and the seventies they became solidly Sri Lankan.

Rather than visit the Temple of the Tooth, which was crowded with pilgrims attending puja we contented ourselves with looking through the bars of the compound at the ceremony.

We then walked on to visit the old British Garrison cemetery and discovered round the back of the compound there was a pilgrims entrance with flower sellers and the like and we lucked out by arriving just as the dancers came out of their dressing room and waled over and into the compound.

We then walked up the hill to the old Garrison cemetery, now looked after by a local historical association. Inside the cemetery there were several soldiers letting off strings of firecrackers in an effort to scare off the resident langurs.

The monkeys totally ignored the fire crackers and got on with being aggressive squawking monkeys. To be fair, they were aggressive to each other, not to us.

The caretaker was a nice old man who told us all about the graves and the restoration project, including the fact that the first person who was buried there had fought at Waterloo. (Actually, it’s not as insane as it sounds – Waterloo was fought in 1815, and the British took over the Kingdom of Kandy, the last remaining independent kingdom in 1814. Lachlan Macquarie, later governor of New South Wales, served there with the 73rd Perthshire regiment which had a globe trotting career. In fact one of the things that is quite fascinating about the history of the British Empire is the way that people popped up in quite unexpected places.)

The heavens then opened again. We’d intended to go and see the Kandyan dancers that evening but it was just too bloody wet. Instead we ate a very odd Chinese meal in the hotel Chinese restaurant.

The next day the sun came out and we visited the temple of the tooth, which is quite magnificent, but, not being practicing Buddhists, totally incomprehensible.

However we paid our respects to the monks and left an offering as requested.

After lunch – in the Olde Empire – a very traditional Sri Lankan curry house across the square from the hotel – we were then off to our next destination.

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Not just Pemberley, but Jupiter

I’ve previously written about how Charles Austen, Jane Austen’s brother was buried at Trincomalee. Given that we half intend to go back for a second journey next year, I thought I’d research the grave location – a suitably morbid thing to do on a lunchtime.

The problem is that there are two Christian cemeteries, one at Dockyard Road (now renamed Kachcheri Road) and one at RC Cemetery Road. Neither are by the sea despite their names. The one in RC Cemetery Road may of course be the Catholic cemetery and the other for Anglicans and other interlopers.

The real trouble is that the sources are confused and some say that Charles Austen was buried in the old general Cemetery near St Stephens Church. Wikipedia refers to his place of burial as the Esplanade cemetery, as does the UK National Maritime museum. Google maps suggests the burial ground on RC Cemetery Road as the Esplanade cemetery and the Dockyard Road burial ground as St Stephen’s

Basically, I either need to go and look, or alternatively hunt through some old colonial period maps of Trinco, or some combination of the two to resolve this.

In the middle of trying to sort this out I discovered by pure happenstance that Percy Molesworth, a founding memeber f the British Astronomical Association and the discoverer of a massive storm in Jupiter’s Southern Hemisphere lived and worked in Trinco and is again buried in the General Cemetery.

Molesworth’s observatory is long gone, and his telescope was moved the the University of Colombo after his death in 1908.

And this of course is the thing, this history is part of the history of colonial times and consequently neglected by both Sri Lanka and Britain, but both burials tell a story not only of the spread ad influence of Britain in the nineteenth century, but also how as a result of improving communications links an astronomer in Trincomalee could participate in research half a world away

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From Pemberley to Trincomalee …

It is truth universally acknowledged that the past can sometimes produce seemingly bizarre connections.

One is that Jane Austen’s brother Charles, who had a long and distinguished naval career, died in Burma during the second Burmese war and is buried at the esplanade cemetery in Trincomalee.

If we’d known, we’d most certainly have visited.

What it does show is the impact of the rise of the British Empire on the mid nineteenth century British middle class, when it became comparatively normal to have relations who lived overseas.

One sees the same thing in Beth Ellis, who went to visit her relations in Burma for Christmas, and that Burn Murdoch again meets family in India.

Somewhere in this is a story as how horizons narrowed during the nineteen sixties and seventies and that this has resulted in a narrower view of the world …

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Beth Ellis …

Last year I blogged about Beth Ellis’s An English Girl’s First Impressions of Burmah.

At the time I had two mysteries, who exactly was Beth Ellis, and why did Beth refer to Maymyo as Remyo?

Well last night I got an answer to both questions as a comment on my original post – and what an answer it was:

Beth Ellis was my great-aunt and I have copies of all her books (7 novels, plus her Burmah book). Sadly she died in childbirth at the age of only 38, otherwise there might have been many more novels. She was also very keen on education, as might be expected of one of Oxford’s early women students, and played an important role in helping to improve the schools in her home town of Wigan before her marriage in 1908, after which she move to Berkhamstead in Hertfordshire, where she would die less than five years later. It is interesting to note that she was at Oxford at the same time as her brother, although he took four years to get a Third class degree in Law while she took only three years to get First class honours in English – but no degree, of course, because she was woman!

Like you, I have been puzzled about the Maymyo – Remyo conflict and have finally found some documentary evidence that your guess was correct. In 1904 a French gentleman called Count Etienne Lunet de Lajonquière made a two-month visit to Siam and, for a few days, Burma. On his return he wrote a book called “Le Siam et les Siamois” which was published in 1906. In his entry for November 11th 1904, while he was in Rangoon, he writes “Depuis quelque temps, le Lieutenant- Gouverneur a transporté sa résidence habituelle à Remyo, une station estivale de la haute région, où il installera peu à peu toutes les grandes administrations, concentrées jusqu’ici à Rangoon: les fonctionnaires y trouveront une température plus agréable; quant aux commerçants attachés à leurs bureaux, ils y gagneront l’aisance des coudes ; il y a donc profit pour tous.” Loosely translated this says that “For some time, the Lieutenant Governor has transported his main residence to Remyo, a summer station in the high region, where he has installed little by little all the main administratve offices, which were previously concentrated in Rangoon; the civil servants will find a more pleasant temperature there; while the staff attached to their offices will have more space; there is thus a benefit for everyone.”

So it is clear that when Beth visited Burma the embryonic summer administrative capital was still called Remyo as you, and I, had guessed might have been the case.

And I do agree with you that her first book is a wonderful book with an entrancingly witty view of life in the Raj.

It doesn’t get better than that!

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Sri Lanka trip – part 1

Indirectly, it was Peter Kurvita’s fault.

For those of you who don’t know, Peter Kuruvita is a TV chef who presented a cooking show about Sri Lanka on SBS. We’d been stunned by the beauty of the place and put Sri Lanka on our bucket list.

Sri Lanka had been on our radar before. Long ago when we lived in England J had got taking to someone on a train who lived tere and extolled its beauty and culture, and we’d thought about it then, but did nothing.

This time we were casting about for somewhere to go for some serious decompression. I’d just finished a set of interlinked projects that had consumed three years of my life. We’d previously thought about Myanmar and riding the Trans Siberian as options.

Unfortunately we didn’t have enough time to do the Trans Siberian justice, and the time we had was slap bang in the middle of the monsoon.

Sri Lanka effectively has two monsoons, one on the west side which is comes the same time as in India and Thailand, and one on the east side which doesn’t. This meant that we could escape the worst of the monsoon by a bit of careful planning.

Getting there

We flew to Colombo via Singapore, leaving a chilly Canberra to catch a mid afternoon flight to Singapore, and a tight connection to an onward flight to Colombo arriving on a wet sticky monsoonal night.

There is no public transport worth a damn from the airport so we hired a minicab to take us to our hotel. Along the way the driver asked us what we were doing, how long we were there, and when we said we were going to Galle the day after next, promptly offered to drive us there for what turned out to be a competitive price.

The hotel was an old colonial house with a modern extension in keeping with the colonial architecture, built round a fishpond and with a wonderful roofed open air dining room where one could sit and watch the rain patter down, and for a day that is exactly what we did.

With its tiled floors, colonnades, atrium and fishpond the Wallawwa irresistibly reminded me of illustrations of a high end Roman villa.

Galle

Colombo itself is not an attractive city. Busy, noisy, crowded, frenetic traffic, and to be honest, not that much to see. As we had another flight at an ungodly hour back to Singapore at the end of our trip, we’d decided to have a night in Colombo the day before our flight back, so we went straight on to Galle.

Originally we’d had plans to get the train from Colombo to Galle, but that was logistic nightmare involving a cab right into the centre of Colombo to the main railway station, and the ever present possibility of the trains being full, Sri Lankan railways not having an online booking service, so we copped out and had Mr Aruna drive us to Galle for a pretty reasonable Rs8000/- plus Rs400 for the freeway toll (there’s around a 120 Sri Lankan Rupees to the dollar, to make life simple we decided to pretend that a dollar was a hundred Rupees meaning we’d get a pleasant surprise once the bills came in).

The freeway is planned to go all the way to the airport on the north side of the city, and while they are visibly building it, it’s around a year away from completion meaning a two hour drive through to Colombo.

Our driver opted for the most direct route, which took us almost but not quite into the old colonial city centre, passing the Oval, Colombo’s test cricket ground, the government area including the new Parliament building and the memorial to the Civil War, and then out onto the freeway, which amazingly had almost no traffic on it.

Galle is in two parts – Galle fort, the old, rather nice and quietly arty town with old colonial buildings inside the walls of the old Dutch fort, and Galle town which is the modern chaotic scruffy town where the real people live. We’d opted to stay in the Fort at the Fort Printers hotel which was a restoration of a nineteenth century printworks in the heart of the old town.

Galle has been a port for at least two thousand years. The locals will proudly tell you how the Greeks and Romans came here, and how in the nineteenth century, before they built a big harbour at Colombo, ships on their way to Australia and New Zealand used to stop there. While the Fort is really a tourist area now, there is still a large Muslim community in the fort as a legacy of Arab and Somali spice traders in the middle ages.

The fort was a foundation of the Dutch East India company and at least one of the gates has the British crest on one side and the VoC logo on the other.

On the day we drove there the weather was fine, although when we walked up to the walls of the old fort to see the sunset it was starting to blow a bit. However when we went to dinner at a rooftop restaurant where you can sit and look out over the rooftops while listening to the call to prayer from the next door mosque (out of respect the restaurant pretended not to sell beer, but actually did, the waiters asking if you would like ‘something nice’ to drink) it seemed to have settled down to a warm wet gently rainy evening.

We were wrong. What had seemed to be a gentle monsoon evening turned into a major storm overnight with windows banging and rain hammering on the windows and the roof of the hotel.

The power went off some time after midnight and we awoke to the sound of hammering and people outside in the street sweeping up broken roofing tile. The power was still off, which turned out to be more of a problem than you would suppose – it also meant that the hotel’s water pressurisation pump was off meaning that all the taps produced was a thin reluctant dribble, and the toilet took a generation or two to fill.

After a cat’s lick we emerged to find that rain had come in through the roof of the corridor outside, but the kitchen had risen to the occasion and was producing omlettes, toast and black coffee on a couple of gas bottles.

After breakfast the power was still off and we set off for a walk round the town and then off over to the new town where there was electricity to find a working cash machine, which we did, securely guarded by a couple of soldiers armed with what looked like world war two vintage rifles. Various advertising hoardings trees and light poles were down and the soldiers were there to keep order and guard the banks and government buildings.

They weren’t very threatening, in fact one of them guarding Laksala the state tourist store helpfully went and got us a tuk tuk when we emerged into a monsoonal squall.

When we got back to the hotel the power was still off but the hotel had arranged with another hotel who had a backup generator to let us have a shower and get cleaned up. By the time we were done the power was back on and the taps were running.

That evening, by virtue of the fact we were staying in the Galle Fort Hotel, we were invited to an exhibition opening and book launch by a local English expat photographer, (Juliet Coombe). We liked her work but less sure about the glitterati daarling sort of people who appeared out of the woodwork in their designer clothes- we didn’t know there were people like this in Sri Lanka!

Anthropologically it was quite amazing, as all these wealthy expatriates, some of whom looked as if they belonged in the nineteen fifties, and others as if they had just appeared from Chelsea or Kensington. Even though we had our respectable travel clothes on we still felt distinctly underdressed, although we met a number of interesting, and other equally underdressed people who somehow had ended up at the event, including a lady who had just completed a five day bike ride to Jaffna in the north, and an interesting Sri Lankan family from Sydney who were trying to get an aid project to help disabled children in orphanages up and running.

Mirissa

Mirissa was a very relaxed stay in a guest house where we were treated like family, chilled, swam, and discovered the pleasure of fresh cinnamon tea made with cinnamon leaves from the garden, freshly plucked, torn and added to hot water – just as a herbal infusion, not as a spiced tea as we’re used to at home.

On the way to Mirissa from Galle we stopped at a small privately run turtle sanctuary where some people, who seemed genuine, were doing their best to help protect the turtles. Very much a backyard operation, but one that could make a difference.

Mirissa turns out to be known as a prime turtle egg laying site and the people at the sanctuary said that they often had to buy eggs back from fishermen who still went and dug them up.

The next day, when we went swimming in to ocean we were rewarded with the site of a turtle about ten meters off shore – whether it was just there doing turtle things or planning to haul up that night we’ll never know, but never the less it gave us a distinct buzz.

The other cool thing about the journey to Mirissa was that our driver pulled off the main road, bumped over a rail crossing, drove down a side road to another rail crossing, and there was a rock carving of Buddha, and for some reason, a colonial era grave.

The site was being looked after by an old lady who brushed the paths clean and cleaned up any rubbish left behind from pilgrims’ offerings.

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A quietly magical little place that will have to remain a mystery, as I was too entranced by the magic of the place to write down where it was …

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Poson Poya, Dansalas, and biking in Sri Lanka

We were in Sri Lanka, in Habarana, over Poson Poya.

Poyas are Buddist full moon day festivals and Poson Poya is a big event celebrating the introduction of Buddism into Sri Lanka, and is especially celebrated in the Ancient Cities triangle of which Habarana is right bang in the centre.

One fun feature of Poson Poya was the Dansalas, organised by the local temples, where you see guys standing at the side of the road furiously waving yellow flags and giving out free snacks as a way of sharing and celebrating.

We started out being a bit diffident about this as it felt a bit like intruding on someone’s New Year party, but people were so happy and generous we ended up with bags of hot spiced chickpeas, strange fritter like things and more.

By chance, at the end of Poya we had to get from Habarana to Colombo to catch our flight back to Australia (actually, because it went at two in the morning and the onward flight from Singapore to Australia went mid evening we treated ourselves to a couple of nights in Singapore).

We hired a car and driver (no one with any sanity would drive themselves in Sri Lanka, especially in Colombo – there are rules, but they’re not the ones in the highway code – think Greece or Thailand and cube the experience) to take us to our hotel in Colombo.

Until we hit the Colombo traffic we had a fairly quick run due to it being Poya, but on the way we kept on passing these guys who were clearly part of a group cycling event riding to Colombo.

Some of them had helmets, all of them had bike shorts acquired somehow (some clearly well washed and faded as a consequence) and Heinz variety roadbikes all rebuilt out of parts sourced from wherever. Nothing wrong with that, I’ve done it myself, but the thing that was really striking was that instead of skinny road tyres they were using chunkier touring bike tyres, despite road surfaces being (generally) pretty good.

The whole thing was kind of intriguing as we’d only seen half a dozen locals riding for fun in our three weeks, no foreigners riding, although we did meet someone in Galle who’d ridden to Jaffna the week before with a group of friends.

Apart from peasants riding ancient sit up and beg bicycles to their plots, Sri Lanka seemed to be bike free, despite the roads being fine for cycling once you are out of Colombo and probably no worse than Morocco in terms of traffic and mad pedestrians, dogs and goats.

However the guys riding the rebuilds were having a pretty good time riding along and stopping at Dansalas to refuel. Made me feel envious.

The other thing that was kind of intriguing is that in seems to imply a cycling scene in Sri Lanka, despite the complete lack of evidence of bike shops and the like, which makes me wonder just how practicable a few days bike riding would be as part of another trip?

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Light and data in Sri Lanka

I’ve just come back from an enjoyable three weeks in Sri Lanka. If you’ve been following this blog you will know that we’ve previously been planning to go to Myanmar and ride the Trans-Siberian.

Projects and life got in the way of both ideas – Myanmar in the monsoon didn’t sound like a good idea and we couldn’t find a big enough window for both of us to do the Trans Siberian justice. So Sri Lanka it was.

Before we went we found conflicting information on the five great topics of of twenty first century travel:

  • can I recharge my computer/iPad/kindle easily?
  • can I get wireless internet ?
  • will my smartphone work ?
  • will my debit card let me get money out of an ATM
  • what do I do about mouthwash/tampons/panadol etc

So after all the misinformation I thought I’d write up what we found on the ground in June 2013. Bear in mind that Sri Lanka is rapidly playing catch up after thirty years of civil conflict and things are changing quickly and some of this information may be out of date by the time you read this.

Electricity

Sri Lanka is in the 230V/50Hz club. Outside of Colombo, and especially in rural areas, the power supply can drop out, flicker and fluctuate a bit so a surge protector is probably an idea.

There is a taxonomy for power sockets – essentially Sri Lanka uses a mixture of type D as in India and type G as in the UK. You may occasionally happen across a type M, but if you do there will almost always be a type D or type G available.

Most guest houses seem to have a mixture of D and G. More upscale hotels sometimes also have the new inverted T universal wall sockets [picture].

If you’re from Australia you may find that Australian power plugs are sometimes a bit of a loose fit in these – the solution is to plug your Australian plug into the type G adapter you brought with you and plug that into the socket.

If you lose one of your adapters along the way, you can get what Sri Lankans call a multiplug , essentially a local design of universal adapter for two and three pin plugs, from any electrical goods or mobile phone store. Australian plugs normally plug straight into them, and some of them include surge protector circuitry. Note that you often need to buy separate ones for both type D and G sockets.

I normally pack an Australian powerboard with a surge protector built in – that way we can charge several devices at once rather than hauling multiple sets of adapters around with us.

Internet

Just about everywhere you are likely to stay will offer wireless internet for free. I agonised before we went about whether to take a tablet or computer with an ethernet socket with us. A tablet, possibly with a keyboard, would have been fine, and much less bulk than a computer. However when we had a stopover in Singapore on the way back we hit problem common to a lot of hotels of only providing wireless in the lobby, while the internet in the rooms was most definitely wired (and expensive).

Internet speeds are reasonable – never fast, but never excruciatingly slow either.

Smartphones

Smartphones are common, and you can of course use them with the hotel or guest house internet to surf the web. You will find when travelling about that you need to call drivers to arrange long trips and also tuktuk men to come and pick you up from restaurants to take you back to your hotel. To minimise charges its a good idea to buy a local SIM for use in your phone. There are various deals on offer from the various network providers but I found this deal from Dialog worked well and you could pick up the SIM in the airport. I went for the Rs1300/- deal and by pure fluke that lasted me all the time until ten minutes before check in without having to buy a recharge.

Obviously your phone needs to be unlocked to do this. Unlocking policies vary by country and service provider, and if you have to pay an unlocking fee it might be cheaper to buy a basic pay as you go mobile phone from Dialog.

If you do have an unlocked phone and buy a Sri Lankan SIM it does mean that calls to your home mobile number don’t go anywhere. One trick is, if you have a Skype subscription, ie you pay for the extended services, divert your mobile to your Skype dial in number before you leave home – that way calls will get routed to your Skype voicemail and you can pick them up and deal with them using Skype on your laptop or tablet at a time you find convenient.

Money

ATMs are common and I had no trouble using my normal Visa debit card to get money out of a cash machine. Just as I would at home, I used my bank’s smartphone app to check for unauthorised withdrawals and kept my wits about me for skimmers and scam artists.

If you are unhappy using your own bank card, you might consider using one of these prepaid debit travel cards, like this one offered by my bank. Depending on what you pay for overseas withdrawals it can work out cheaper to use one of these rather than your own card.

I managed to source some Rupee notes from my bank before I left, but this turned out to be unecessary and expensive – there are several ATMs and foreign exchange counters at the airport.

Sri Lanka is however a largely cash based society with only a few more expensive hotels accepting credit cards, even though various Sri Lankan banks are furiously promoting their use – plan on having to carry a wad of Rupees about with you. Also keep some ATM withdrawal slips – when you change your left over Rupees back to hard currency at the airport, the foreign exchange people will want to see some evidence that the money you are changing back is the result of a legitimate transaction.

Note that Colombo airport has multiple security checks and you need to change your money before going through the security check to get into check in. Shops in the departure lounge after check in and passport control tend to deal in US dollars (and often other hard currency if you ask) rather than rupees.

It’s my impression that Visa is bit more common than Mastercard. Both companies have websites listing their ATMs worldwide. As the ATM network in Sri Lanka is expanding rapidly they can be a bit out of date but it might be worth checking if you are going somewhere in the northern part of the island where a lot of the infrastructure is still being rebuilt.

Stuff

Cargill’s supermarkets are the traveller’s friend. They are to be found in all main towns, and while they’re more like a mini market (think IGA or Spar) than a supermarket, they often have a pharmacy counter and stock most of what you need. Most of the products on offer are local rather than international brands, and reflect local preferences, especially as regards feminine hygene products.

Cargill’s often have a nice clean staff toilet that they will let you use if you ask nicely and buy something such as biscuits fruit and bottled water from the shop.

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